Table 2 Nematocidal activities of different extracts from some plants to Ditylenchus Destructor (in vitro)
|
植物名称
Plants name
|
溶剂
Solvents
|
处理后24 h
24 h after treatment
|
处理后48 h
48 h after treatment
|
||
|
死亡率（％）
Mortality
|
校正死亡率（％）
Adjusted mortality
|
死亡率（％）
Mortality
|
校正死亡率（％）
Adjusted mortality
|
||
|
曼陀萝
|
甲醇
|
96.48±5.95
|
96.35±6.18ab
|
93.21±11.39
|
92.91±11.96abc
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
99.085±1.11
|
99.01±1.18a
|
99.11±0.61
|
99.01±0.72a
|
|
|
石油醚
|
88.3±21.08
|
87.87±21.90abcd
|
88.57±20.58
|
87.99±21.55abc
|
|
|
毛曼陀萝
|
甲醇
|
99.43±0.65
|
99.41±0.67a
|
95.58±8.82
|
95.37±9.25abc
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
57.01±11.86
|
54.83±11.55hij
|
59.64±14.27
|
56.57±15.16ghi
|
|
|
石油醚
|
80.51±4.89
|
79.46±4.80bcde
|
67.93±8.96
|
66.06±7.72defgh
|
|
|
苍耳
|
甲醇
|
77.50±6.65
|
76.26±7.65defg
|
86.40±3.12
|
85.12±3.61abcd
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
62.55±3.37
|
60.71±3.31ghi
|
79.95±4.98
|
78.16±5.22bcde
|
|
|
石油醚
|
72.04±6.02
|
70.76±5.75efgh
|
77.76±1.66
|
75.73±1.86cdefg
|
|
|
蓖麻
|
甲醇
|
97.33±1.58
|
97.13±1.59a
|
84.81±17.70
|
83.13±19.99abcd
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
98.17±1.57
|
98.02±1.60a
|
99.60±0.80
|
99.52±0.95a
|
|
|
石油醚
|
93.86±6.85
|
93.22±7.89abcd
|
86.32±15.38
|
85.13±16.33abcd
|
|
|
马齿苋
|
甲醇
|
32.99±6.28
|
27.01±3.73mno
|
34.92±6.13
|
27.02±5.76kl
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
34.55±6.40
|
28.42±8.87lmno
|
42.85±9.24
|
35.86±10.85jk
|
|
|
石油醚
|
27.27±5.57
|
20.77±0.75nop
|
35.49±4.63
|
27.63±4.50kl
|
|
|
万寿菊叶
|
甲醇
|
51.40±7.91
|
46.79±9.25ijk
|
64±5.73
|
59.61±6.43efghi
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
49.03±15.38
|
44.28±16.35jkl
|
66.77±8.92
|
62.40±11.02efgh
|
|
|
石油醚
|
14.20±4.18
|
6.072±9.43p
|
23.44±4.09
|
14±6.30lm
|
|
|
万寿菊花
|
甲醇
|
90.40±5.02
|
89.94±5.17abcd
|
90.65±4.92
|
89.86±5.20abc
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
85.68±4.82
|
85.06±4.82abcde
|
68.66±10.07
|
65.87±10.52defgh
|
|
|
石油醚
|
63.83±9.37
|
62.14±9.24fghi
|
66.22±6.59
|
63.17±6.86efgh
|
|
|
黄荆
|
甲醇
|
78.46±13.49
|
77.13±14.98def
|
40.82±12.18
|
40.47±11.79ijk
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
59.20±8.64
|
56.89±8.43hij
|
9.28±7.54
|
8.64±7.42m
|
|
|
石油醚
|
45.91±8.94
|
42.69±10.16ijkm
|
6.51±2.61
|
5.84±2.22m
|
|
|
马樱丹
|
甲醇
|
98.13±0.61
|
98.05±0.53a
|
96.73±2.94
|
96.71±2.98ab
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
90.63±7.59
|
90.04±8.36abcd
|
92.15±4.85
|
92.10±4.90abc
|
|
|
石油醚
|
96.81±1.58
|
96.7±1.47a
|
92.3±5.20
|
92.25±5.21abc
|
|
|
苘麻
|
甲醇
|
80.08±27.97
|
78.51±30.88cde
|
78.53±26.79
|
76.71±29.56bcdef
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
92.05±9.05
|
91.47±10.05abcd
|
83.89±16.72
|
82.54±18.46abcd
|
|
|
石油醚
|
91.56±6.63
|
91.09±7.33abcd
|
85.53±18.29
|
84.41±20.18abcd
|
|
|
银杏
|
甲醇
|
98.65±1.59
|
98.63±1.62a
|
99.22±1.56
|
99.22±1.56a
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
94.99±3.939
|
4.69±4.31abc
|
93.55±6.44
|
93.00±7.09abc
|
|
|
石油醚
|
98.07±1.29
|
97.98±1.37a
|
93.87±5.56
|
93.53±5.92abc
|
|
|
茼蒿
|
甲醇
|
34.71±12.94
|
31.70±13.78klmn
|
59.10±13.24
|
57.28±12.06bcdef
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
43.3±12.23
|
40.78±12.24jklm
|
57.83±19.54
|
55.43±21.23abcd
|
|
|
石油醚
|
45.34±12.64
|
42.89±13.04jklm
|
60.69±7.61
|
58.70±7.49abcd
|
|
|
小蓟
|
甲醇
|
79.22±7.79
|
78.45±7.26cde
|
90.83±11.93
|
90.65±11.81abc
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
50.62±13.65
|
48.72±12.30ij
|
59.46±13.23
|
57.68±12.11fghi
|
|
|
石油醚
|
17.77±2.23
|
13.95±4.33op
|
49.69±14.04
|
47.2±14.00hij
|
|
|
藜
|
甲醇
|
22.09±17.23
|
18.52±17.90nop
|
32.96±16.60
|
29.34±17.58jkl
|
|
乙酸乙酯
|
30.06±15.87
|
26.99±16.21mno
|
36.05±13.51
|
32.60±14.92jkl
|
|
|
石油醚
|
19.4±2.59
|
15.67±4.16nop
|
33.59±8.76
|
30.06±9.61jkl
|
|
|
CK
|
|
4.7±2.76
|
|
8.36±1.69
|
|
注：1）表中数据格式为：X±SE，X代表四次重复的平均值，SE为标准误；2）同列数据后具相同字母者示方差分析在0.05水平上差异不显著（DMRT法）。
1）The format of data in the table is X±SE, X means the average of four replications, SE is standard error. 2）All datas were based on the average of four replications and values significantly different from the values with different letters by Duncan’s multiple range test in the same line.
1）The format of data in the table is X±SE, X means the average of four replications, SE is standard error. 2）All datas were based on the average of four replications and values significantly different from the values with different letters by Duncan’s multiple range test in the same line.
由表3结果可以看出，处理后24 h，9种提取物的LC50由小到大的顺序为：银杏甲醇提取物<苘麻乙酸乙酯提取物<苘麻石油醚提取物<马缨丹甲醇提取物<苘麻甲醇提取物<银杏乙酸乙酯提取物<马缨丹石油醚提取物<马缨丹乙酸乙酯提取物<银杏石油醚提取物；处理后48 h，9种提取物的LC50由小到大的顺序为：银杏甲醇提取物<马缨丹石油醚提取物<银杏乙酸乙酯提取物<马缨丹乙酸乙酯提取物<苘麻乙酸乙酯提取物<银杏石油醚提取物<马缨丹甲醇提取物<苘麻石油醚提取物<苘麻甲醇提取物。同此可见，处理后24 h或处理后48 h的毒力，都以银杏甲醇提取物为。
比较9种提取物对马铃薯茎线虫处理后24 h和48 h的LC50，我们不难发现银杏甲醇提取物、苘麻的三种溶剂提取物以及马缨丹的甲醇和乙酸乙酯提取物对马铃薯茎线虫48 h的毒力比24 h后的结果都有不同程度的下降，其中银杏甲醇提取物的浮动较小而其他变化较大，究其原因可能是这些提取物对马铃薯茎线虫在短时间内具有较强的击倒麻痹作用，但并没有真正将线虫杀死，所以48 h后出现了一定程度的复苏现象。
